Queensland researchers have become the first in Australia to use human stem cells to generate fully functioning skin tissue in a laboratory, a significant step towards better treatments for severe burns and wounds.
A skin organoid, stained with key human skin markers, at 90 days differentiation. The blue colour marks the cell nucleus, green is Keratin 10 and red is Keratin 19. Image credit: University of Queensland
The skin tissue, produced by The University of Queensland’s Frazer Institute and Metro North Health’s Herston Biofabrication Institute, can develop hair follicles and neurons as well as sebaceous and sweat glands.
Project leader Dr Abbas Shafiee said the generated skin mimics that of the human body more closely than existing skin substitutes.
“We used a variety of stem cell lines and tested different procedures to grow skin organoids, which are 3D skin tissues created by researchers in a laboratory,” Dr Shafiee said.
“Human stem cells were first converted into cells which can grow to be any tissue in the body.
“These ‘induced pluripotent’ stem cells were then formed into spheres, which underwent four months of differentiation to produce the skin organoids.
“This has the potential to improve the quality of life of patients with severe burn injuries, and those who live with the pain caused by scarring from previous skin grafts.”
Professor Kiarash Khosrotehrani said the technology will allow researchers to design new strategies in areas such as wound care, disease modelling and hair transplantation.
“Researchers and clinicians being able to produce more realistic skin could be transformative for people who have suffered severe wounds or burns,” Professor Khosrotehrani said.
“The wound site will be less irritated and look more like the rest of the patient’s skin.”
The researchers hope to progress toward translational studies of the technology, with prospects leading to clinical applications.
The research was a collaboration between the Experimental Dermatology Group at UQ’s Frazer Institute and Metro North Health’s Herston Biofabrication Institute, and supported by funding from Metro North Health.
The research paper has been published in SMALL journal.
Source: University of Queensland