Research from the laboratories of Dr. André Veillette, Director of Research in Molecular Oncology at the Montreal Clinical Research Institute (IRCM) and Professor and Researcher in the Department of Medicine at the Université de Montréal, and Dr Romain Roncagalli, an immunology researcher at the Marseille-Luminy Immunology Center, just published in the journal Science Immunology, sheds new light on the ability of cells to contribute more effectively to the body's immune response through internal communication.
Performing a blood test. Image credit: Public Domain CC0 photo via Rawpixel
The different cells in the human body, including the immune system cells, need to communicate to activate the body's responses to attacks of all kinds. A class of molecules, called “receptors”, on the surface of cells can recognize other molecules, called “ligands”, on the surface of neighboring cells. This allows the two cells to exchange information necessary to respond to changes in their environment, resulting in a defense response for the immune system.
In this paper and research, Dr. Veillette's group demonstrates that some cells possess both the receptors (CD2) and ligands (CD48, CD58) that allow this communication, making these cells able to “talk to themselves”. This mechanism is probably used very frequently throughout the body.
‘’This type of cellular monologue is essential for the normal functioning of the immune system,” explains Dr. André Veillette, principal investigator and co-author of the paper, adding:’’ The ability of cells to talk to themselves is common and contributes to the well-known effectiveness of the immune response against viruses and cancers. Drugs could certainly enhance this ability to improve the immune response against infections and cancers.’’ Dr. Veillette's team is currently evaluating this possibility.
Source: University of Montreal