A bioengineer at The University of Texas at Arlington is developing an imaging technique and a special electrocardiogram (EKG) for zebrafish to determine why they are able to regenerate their heart tissue after cardiac arrest.
The research could provide crucial insights into one of the United States’ most pressing health problems. Every 40 seconds, someone in the U.S. has a heart attack. While not always fatal, the damage to heart tissue is irreversible.
Juhyun Lee, left, with students.
Zebrafish, on the other hand, are able to regenerate their heart tissue and return their hearts to a nearly normal state.
Juhyun Lee, an assistant professor in the UTA Bioengineering Department, received a three-year, $450,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to investigate why zebrafish regenerate their hearts so quickly and whether the knowledge could apply to humans.
“Contractility is very important for proper heart function, but scar tissue stiffens the human heart and reduces how much it can contract to pump blood,” Lee said. “In zebrafish, the scars heal much faster and more completely than other animals, so we’re trying to find out why and how.”
Lee and his team have developed a special EKG jacket for the fish, in collaboration with researchers at UC Irvine. The jacket is made of flexible electronics and attaches to the fish via nanotubes that can adhere underwater. It recharges as the fish moves, monitors how physiological signals develop and sends data to a cloud system, so no wires are necessary.
Once the fish are fitted with the EKG jacket, Lee will use a super-resolution ultra-microscope to create 3D images of the zebrafish hearts. Using a state-of-the-art clearing method called PEGASOS that he developed with colleagues at Texas A&M University, Lee will make the tissue samples transparent to easily see through the inside of the entire heart with the microscope.
This way, he will be able to monitor the proliferation of cardiomyocytes—the cells that generate contractile force in the heart—to determine the importance of biomechanical force in their development.
“Dr. Lee has made significant progress in tissue imaging, especially related to cardiac issues, and this new project could provide data that has the potential to influence how we prepare for and treat myocardial infarctions going forward,” said Michael Cho, chair of the Bioengineering Department.
In 2018, Lee received an American Heart Association (AHA) Career Development Award to study which gene expressions affect the development of which parts of the heart in an effort to see how genes might heal heart tissue damaged by heart attacks.
Earlier that year, he received an AHA grant to develop a new microscope that can capture 3D motion to construct a 4D beating heart using optical imaging techniques with fluorescent nanoparticles in zebrafish.
Source: University of Utah