Treatment of cancerous diseases remains a challenging global issue until very recent times. The recognized treatment methods fail to secure an adequate extent of patients’ treatment and the effectiveness of chemotherapy appears to make less than 30 percent. All other methods employed are intended to merely suspend the disease rather than to cure it, thus after the application of these, the disease resumes and within another five years the patient usually passes away from the diagnosed disease. Cancer is a systemic disease, which spreads inside the entire body, so treatment of the disease must also be systemic.
Currently, a revival of immunotherapy is being witnessed along with a remembrance finally dawning on everyone about the existence of immune system inside the body – the system intended for the protection of body against infections, adverse environmental impacts and different diseases, including cancer. Since the 1970ies the role of the immune system in the treatment of cancer used to be disregarded, although the research investigations, conducted nearly a hundred years prior to origination of the aforementioned tendency revealed, that due to integration of human immunity into the treatment, cancer could be stopped or even cured. Nevertheless, despite numerous positive results of the conducted research investigations, major attention has still been focused on the chemotherapeutic form of treatment of cancerous diseases. During the period from 1890 to 1970 it has been repeatedly proven that cancer could be prevented if the mechanism of vaccination was relied on, and in case cancer occurred, vaccination could then stop and control the progress of the disease. After all, spontaneous or self-contained cases of recovery from cancer are solely associated with correct results of behavior of the human immune system. The immune system and proper control over its behavior is one of the key factors of successful coping with cancer.
As a result, an anti-tumor response of the body is developed and a tolerant reaction towards the new formation/the tumor is destroyed, thus an uncompromising struggle against all cellular components carrying cancer antigens present inside the body of the vaccinated patient is ongoing. At present, chemotherapy is relied on for systemic treatment of malignant diseases. However, in most cases, this method of treatment is not that radical (with an exception of some cases of hemoblastosis and germinogenic tumors). The emerged tumor usually contains the cells, which are resistant to toxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents due to their biochemical properties, and in the course of treatment the proportion of such cells will tend to increase. It should also be taken into account, that the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic preparations is not selective and both, tumor cells and healthy/normal cells are affected. Serious side effects of chemotherapy are a consequence of this and may even pose a threat to the life of the patient. The potential of development of effective chemotherapeutic preparations with selective effects seems problematic enough since the vital function of tumor and healthy/normal cells is provided by similar biochemical processes. At the same time, the tumor cell differs from the normal cell by its surface relief, which is formed by potentially immunogenic structures (antigens). It is known, that the immune responses induced by these structures are able to lead to the destruction of tumor cells and that the reactivity of the immunity system can determine the outcome of the disease. The very fact of immunogenicity of tumor implies the possibility to use immunotherapy for both purposes, viz., in prevention and in treatment of malignant diseases. The vaccine in question has been used for a long time in a number of causes with terminal forms of cancer and has proved its effectiveness.
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Hochnadel I, Kossatz-Boehlert U, Jedicke N, Lenzen H, Manns MP, Yevsa T. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2017 Nov 7:1-22. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1359362. [Epub ahead of print]
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29112462 - Immunotherapy as a Promising Treatment for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review.
Janiczek M, Szylberg Ł, Kasperska A, Kowalewski A, Parol M, Antosik P, Radecka B, Marszałek A. J Immunol Res. 2017;2017:4861570. doi: 10.1155/2017/4861570. Epub 2017 Oct 3.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29109964 - Breast Cancer Vaccines: New Insights.
Benedetti R, Dell’Aversana C, Giorgio C, Astorri R, Altucci L. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017 Oct 13;8:270. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00270. eCollection 2017
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Sayour EJ, Mitchell DA. Brain Sci. 2017 Oct 21;7(10). pii: E137. doi: 10.3390/brainsci7100137
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29065490 - How immunotherapies are targeting the glioblastoma immune environment.
Felthun J, Reddy R, McDonald KL. J Clin Neurosci. 2017 Oct 14. pii: S0967-5868(17)31713-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2017.10.019. [Epub ahead of print]
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29042147